Electronic-Commerce
What is Electronic Commerce?
Have you ever purchased a pair of shoes over the Internet? Or,
maybe you've used your computer to sell an old phone? If so, you've taken part
in electronic commerce. Also known as e-commerce, electronic commerce is the
process by which businesses and consumers buy and sell goods and services
through an electronic medium.Electronic commerce emerged in the early 1990s,
and its use has increased at a rapid rate. Today, the majority of companies
have an online presence. In fact, having the ability to conduct business
through the Internet has become a necessity. Everything from food and clothes
to entertainment and furniture can be purchased online.Two familiar examples of
electronic commerce companies are eBay and Amazon. Both of these companies
allow consumers to purchase a variety of goods and services online from
businesses and other consumers, while eBay also hosts online auctions.
Consumers on these sites typically have numerous payment options, as well as
choices for how their products are delivered.
There are 6 basic types of e-commerce:
1. Business-to-Business (B2B)
2. Business-to-Consumer (B2C)
3. Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C)
4. Consumer-to-Business (C2B).
5. Business-to-Administration (B2A)
6. Consumer-to-Administration (C2A)
There
are 6 basic types of e-commerce:
1.
Business-to-Business (B2B)
2.
Business-to-Consumer (B2C)
3.
Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C)
4.
Consumer-to-Business (C2B).
5.
Business-to-Administration (B2A)
6.
Consumer-to-Administration (C2A)
1. Business-to-Business (B2B)=Business-to-Business
(B2B) e-commerce encompasses all electronic transactions of goods or services
conducted between companies. Producers and traditional commerce wholesalers
typically operate with this type of electronic commerce.
2. Business-to-Consumer (B2C)=The
Business-to-Consumer type of e-commerce is distinguished by the establishment
of electronic business relationships between businesses and final consumers. It
corresponds to the retail section of e-commerce, where traditional retail trade
normally operates.These types of relationships can be easier and more dynamic,
but also more sporadic or discontinued. This type of commerce has developed
greatly, due to the advent of the web, and there are already many virtual
stores and malls on the Internet, which sell all kinds of consumer goods, such
as computers, software, books, shoes, cars, food, financial products, digital
publications, etc.When compared to buying retail in traditional commerce, the
consumer usually has more information available in terms of informative content
and there is also a widespread idea that you’ll be buying cheaper, without
jeopardizing an equally personalized customer service, as well as ensuring
quick processing and delivery of your order.
3. Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C)=Consumer-to-Consumer
(C2C) type e-commerce encompasses all electronic transactions of goods or
services conducted between consumers. Generally, these transactions are
conducted through a third party, which provides the online platform where the
transactions are actually carried out.
4. Consumer-to-Business (C2B)=In C2B there is a
complete reversal of the traditional sense of exchanging goods. This type of
e-commerce is very common in crowdsourcing based projects. A large number of
individuals make their services or products available for purchase for
companies seeking precisely these types of services or products.Examples of
such practices are the sites where designers present several proposals for a
company logo and where only one of them is selected and effectively purchased.
Another platform that is very common in this type of commerce are the markets
that sell royalty-free photographs, images, media and design elements, such as stockpot.
5. Business-to-Administration (B2A)=This
part of e-commerce encompasses all transactions conducted online between
companies and public administration. This is an area that involves a large
amount and a variety of services, particularly in areas such as fiscal, social
security, employment, legal documents and registers, etc. These types of
services have increased considerably in recent years with investments made in
e-government.
6. Consumer-to-Administration (C2A)=The Consumer-to-Administration model encompasses all electronic transactions conducted between individuals and public administration.Examples of applications include:
·
Education – disseminating information, distance
learning, etc.
·
Social Security – through the distribution of
information, making payments, etc.
·
Taxes – filing tax returns, payments, etc.
·
Health – appointments, information about illnesses,
payment of health services, etc.
Both models involving
Public Administration (B2A and C2A) are strongly associated to the idea of
efficiency and easy usability of the services provided to citizens by the government, with the support of information and
communication technologies.
Seven
Unique features of E-commerce:
1.
Ubiquity- The
traditional business market is a physical place, access to treatment by means
of document circulation. For example, clothes and shoes are usually directed to
encourage customers to go somewhere to buy. E-commerce is ubiquitous meaning
that it can be everywhere. E-commerce is the worlds reduce cognitive energy
required to complete the task.
2.
Global Reach- E-commerce
allows business transactions on the cross country bound can be more convenient
and more effective as compared with the traditional commerce. On the e-commerce
businesses potential market scale is roughly equivalent to the network the size
of the world's population.
3.
Universal Standards-
E-commerce technologies is an unusual feature, is the technical standard of the
Internet, so to carry out the technical standard of e-commerce is shared by all
countries around the world standard. Standard can greatly affect the market
entry cost and considering the cost of the goods on the market. The standard
can make technology business existing become more easily, which can reduce the
cost, technique of indirect costs in addition can set the electronic commerce
website 10$ / month.
4.
Richness- Advertising
and branding are an important part of commerce. E-commerce can deliver video,
audio, animation, billboards, signs and etc. However, it's about as rich as
television technology.
5.
Interactivity- Twentieth
Century electronic commerce business technology is called interactive, so they
allow for two-way communication between businesses and consumers.
6.
Information Density- The
density of information the Internet has greatly improved, as long as the total
amount and all markets, consumers and businesses quality information. The
electronic commerce technology, reduce the information collection, storage,
communication and processing cost. At the same time, accuracy and timeliness of
the information technology increases greatly, information is more useful, more
important than ever.
7.
Rationalization =
E-commerce technology allows for rationalization. Business can be adjusted for
a name, a person's interests and past purchase message objects and marketing
message to a specific individual. The technology also allows for custom.
Merchants can change the product or service based on user preferences, or
previous behavior.
The seven unique features have its own function
but also have disadvantages in this website. The seven unique features most in
this website is no problem, but the information density has some disadvantages
and it's one of the seven unique features. Information density is the function
of information to the Internet and the web site can be the total amount and all
markets, consumers and enterprise quality information. At the same time,
accuracy and timeliness of the consumers can know this website information. But
the website in this regard is poor because of its language in this website is
insufficient and even only a language so easily lead to consumers in the
shopping website will be very troublesome, even if consumers do not understand
the language may be to give up on this website shopping and even lead to this site
is less and less people browse or buy. For example in this web site to buy
clothes but the browsing process found that consumers choose clothes are not
enough data to the customer cannot be assured to buy, so in this aspect of the
problem should be properly modified and solve this problem. For example, should
first website have a variety of linguistic choices can make different national
consumers easily understand this website information easy to buy the goods.
Then on the items, such as this site is selling the clothes should be more
detailed write the item price, style, color and size, so that the customer more
easy to buy. By electronic commerce whenever new styles of clothing in the website
promotion to the customer know.
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